Olivetol mitigates ovarian ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative and inflammatory damage via enhancement of antioxidant defense

Abstract

Ovarian torsion leads to ischemia and subsequent reperfusion injury, resulting in oxidative stress, inflammation, and tissue damage that may impair ovarian function. Olivetol, a natural resorcinol derivative with known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has not been previously evaluated for its protective potential in ovarian ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. In this experimental study, rats were divided into eight groups: Sham, Sham + Olivetol (100 mg/kg), Ischemia, Ischemia + Olivetol (50 mg/kg), Ischemia + Olivetol (100 mg/kg), I/R, I/R + Olivetol (50 mg/kg), and I/R + Olivetol (100 mg/kg). Ischemia was induced by clamping the ovarian pedicle for 3 hours’ period, followed by reperfusion in relevant groups. Olivetol was administered orally before ischemia or reperfusion induction. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were analyzed in ovarian tissues to assess oxidative and inflammatory changes. SOD activity and GSH levels were significantly decreased in ischemia and I/R groups compared to the Sham group, whereas Olivetol administration dose-dependently restored these antioxidant parameters. In contrast, MPO and MDA levels were markedly elevated following ischemia and reperfusion, indicating increased oxidative stress and inflammation; these parameters were significantly reduced by Olivetol treatment, particularly at the 100 mg/kg dose (p < .001). High-dose Olivetol showed no toxic effects in healthy rats. Olivetol exerted significant protective effects against ovarian ischemia/reperfusion injury by enhancing antioxidant defenses and reducing oxidative and inflammatory damage. These findings suggest that Olivetol may represent a promising therapeutic candidate for preventing reperfusioninduced ovarian injury and preserving ovarian function.