Balıkesir Üniversitesi Kurumsal Akademik Arşivi
DSpace@Balıkesir, Balıkesir Üniversitesi tarafından doğrudan ve dolaylı olarak yayınlanan; kitap, makale, tez, bildiri, rapor, araştırma verisi gibi tüm akademik kaynakları uluslararası standartlarda dijital ortamda depolar, Üniversitenin akademik performansını izlemeye aracılık eder, kaynakları uzun süreli saklar ve yayınların etkisini artırmak için telif haklarına uygun olarak Açık Erişime sunar.
Güncel Gönderiler
Generalized open sets and closure operators via point-to-neighborhood assignments
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2026) Açıkgöz, Ahu
We equip a topological space (Formula presented.) with a function (Formula presented.) satisfying the single axiom (Formula presented.). The resulting triple (Formula presented.), which we call an aura topological space, provides a point-to-open-set assignment that differs from all existing auxiliary structures in topology—ideals, filters, grills, primals, and the various non-classical frameworks based on fuzzy, soft, or neutrosophic sets. The aura-closure operator (Formula presented.) is shown to be an additive Čech closure operator; it satisfies extensivity, monotonicity, and finite additivity, but idempotency fails in general. Iterating (Formula presented.) transfinitely yields a Kuratowski closure whose topology (Formula presented.) satisfies (Formula presented.), where (Formula presented.) is the collection of all (Formula presented.) -open sets. We introduce (Formula presented.) -semi-open, (Formula presented.) -pre-open, (Formula presented.) - (Formula presented.) -open, and (Formula presented.) - (Formula presented.) -open sets, determine the complete hierarchy among these classes and their classical counterparts, and separate all non-coinciding classes by counterexamples on finite spaces as well as on the real line. The notions of (Formula presented.) -convergence of sequences and the corresponding continuity notions and their decompositions are studied. Separation axioms (Formula presented.) - (Formula presented.) (Formula presented.) are introduced, and it is proved that (Formula presented.) - (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.) - (Formula presented.) are equivalent. A detailed comparison with ideals, filters, grills, and primals highlights the distinctive features of the aura framework.
The effect of crude glycerin in broiler rations on performance, excreta moisture, footpad dermatitis, blood parameters, ileum histopathology and intestinal microbiology
(Univ Zagreb Vet Faculty, 2026) Işık, Yahya; Demir, Ergün
Alternatives to corn, the primary energy source in poultry farming, are being sought. The aim of this study was to determine the effectsin broiler diets of crude glycerin, considered an alternative energy source, on performance, footpad dermatitis, blood parameters, intestinal histopathology and microbiology, and to evaluate its use as a substitute for corn. The study included seven groups: one control group and six treatment groups. Different amounts of crude glycerin were added to the diets of these groups for different durations. The rations were isonitrogenic and isocaloric. Feed intakes were increased over 11-21 and 5-21 days with 10% crude glycerin (P<0.05). In all periods, 5% crude glycerin consumption resulted in higher body weight gain (P<0.05) compared to 0% crude glycerin consumption. Feed conversion ratios were better with 5%, and 10% crude glycerin for 5-10 and 5-21 days (P<0.05). 10% crude glycerin increased
excreta moisture, and 5% crude glycerin caused less moist excreta (P<0.05) than in the control group. As consumption increased, serum triglyceride decreased, the footpad dermatitis degree-score-incidence increased (P<0.05). There was an
increase in coliform count with an increase in consumption (P<0.05). With increasing consumption, crypt width, villus height, villus surface area, and villus height/crypt depth increased, and crypt depth and villus width decreased (P<0.05).
These results show that if the ration is prepared in a balanced way, crude glycerin can be used in broilers diets up to 10% without impairing health and performance.
On the dielectric and photoluminescence characterizations of single-walled carbon nanotube/polymer composites
(Springer, 2026) Ilgaz, Aykut; Çoban, Mustafa Burak; Bayırlı, Mehmet
A glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) nanocomposite incorporating single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) was fabricated to investigate the effects of nanotube incorporation on the optical and dielectric properties. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements were performed to characterize the optical properties of the carbon nanotube–reinforced nanocomposite. Luminescence spectra and the chromaticity diagram were recorded in the wavelength range of 350–900 nm at room temperature. Additionally, PL spectra of the material were obtained at varying temperatures ranging from 10 to 300 K. The emission spectrum of the SWCNT-reinforced nanocomposite exhibits intense emission features, with a prominent excitation at 349 nm. The nanocomposite exhibits a strong emission peak at 398 nm corresponding to violet emission, along with a broad band spanning 420–520 nm in the blue–green region. It also shows a weak emission band at 758 nm in the near infrared (NIR) region. The Commission Internationale de l’Éclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates of the nanocomposite were determined as (0.205, 0.242), locating the emission near the boundary between the blue and green regions of the CIE diagram. These findings suggest that the synthesized nanocomposite is a promising candidate for solid-state lighting devices and light-emitting diode (LED) applications. The dielectric parameters and relaxation behavior of the unsaturated polyester matrix–based nanocomposite were analyzed using impedance spectroscopy over a broad frequency range. The real component of the complex dielectric permittivity, which is the dielectric constant, and the imaginary component, which is the dielectric loss, was calculated at different temperatures. It was observed that the nanocomposites exhibit high dielectric constants at low frequencies due to the Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars (MWS) interfacial polarization mechanism, which gradually diminishes at higher frequencies as polarization processes become less effective. Furthermore, dielectric loss responses exhibit similar trends with respect to both temperature and frequency variations.
Multiscale enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties in Co3O4 reinforced TPMS-based epoxy nanocomposites via additive manufacturing
(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2026) Narlı, Taha Metehan; Türkoğlu, Türker
This study investigates the design, fabrication, and comprehensive characterization of epoxy-based nanocomposites reinforced with cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles using stereolithography (SLA), a prominent vat photopolymerization additive manufacturing technique. Composite formulations containing 0.05 to 0.25 wt.% Co3O4 were prepared via sequential probe sonication, and ultrasonic bath treatment to ensure homogeneous nanoparticle dispersion within the photosensitive epoxy resin. Both solid specimens and architected structures based on triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) topologies, specifically gyroid and Kelvin lattices, were fabricated to assess the synergistic influence of reinforcement content and lattice geometry on multifunctional performance. Mechanical tests including tensile, flexural, compressive, and Shore D hardness evaluations were conducted alongside thermogravimetric analysis and thermal conductivity measurements. The results revealed that 0.10 wt.% Co3O4 yielded optimal enhancements in mechanical strength and thermal conductivity without causing detrimental agglomeration. Gyroid lattices exhibited superior compressive strength and extended plateau behavior compared to Kelvin counterparts, owing to smoother load redistribution and delayed densification. Fractographic analysis further corroborated these findings, showing improved crack deflection and interfacial adhesion at the optimal filler level. This work demonstrates the efficacy of integrating nanoscale reinforcement with topological optimization in SLA-based photopolymer composites, offering a promising route toward lightweight, mechanically robust, and thermally functional materials for structural applications.
Evaluation of hyperreflective spots as a novel biomarker in patients with glaucoma
(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2026) Kasal, Kıvanç; Girgin, Yurdagül; Karahan, Eyyüp
Purpose: To evaluate hyperreflective spots (HRS) detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in healthy and glaucomatous eyes and their correlation with retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss. Methods: A total of 65 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and 65 healthy controls were enrolled, and data were collected from one eye of each participant. In glaucoma patients, the eye with better visual acuity was selected; if equal, the eye with the higher OCT image quality was included. In the control group, the eye with the higher OCT image quality was selected for analysis. OCT scans of the fovea’s thinnest section were analyzed, and an area 3000 µm wide at the center was selected. HRS were defined as small spots (≤ 30 µm) with moderate reflectivity and no shadowing. HRS counts were compared between groups, and correlations with OCT parameters associated with RGC loss were assessed. Results: The mean age was similar between groups (glaucoma: 62.48 ± 19.77 years; control: 59.75 ± 6.65 years; P = 0.085). Inter-rater agreement for HRS counts was excellent (ICC = 0.927, 95% CI: 0.89–0.94). Glaucoma patients had significantly higher HRS counts than controls (29.65 ± 7.68 vs. 11.86 ± 5.05, P < 0.001). HRS counts positively correlated with vertical and horizontal cupping diameters (r = 0.45, P < 0.001) and negatively correlated with neuroretinal rim area (r = − 0.46, P < 0.001), total RNFL thickness (r = − 0.39, P < 0.001), and mean GCC thickness (r = − 0.43, P < 0.001). Correlation coefficients were similar after adjusting for age, intraocular pressure (IOP), and signal strength index (SSI). Conclusions: HRS strongly correlate with RGC and RNFL loss in glaucoma and may serve as as a valuable biomarker in the follow-up of glaucoma.
