Neural system and its adaptation to exercise

Abstract

Neural adaptation is the improvements in coordination and learning allowing the involvement and deactivation of relevant muscles during a forceful task. It occurs at the level of the motor cortex, spinal cord, and/or neuromuscular junction following exercise and varies at significant levels with different exercise training. It is already known that the rapid increase in muscle strength, before the development of hypertrophy in the muscle with exercise, is mainly associated with neural adaptations. Optimizing motor control is the focus of many training and rehabilitation programs. Therefore, understanding how neural adaptations occur and their relationship with functional development is crucial for planning exercise programs. Studies investigating the response to exercise in neural system pathologies are insufficient in the literature. To plan an individualized and functional exercise program, it is necessary to know these effects in healthy individuals as well as in patients.