Association of matrix metalloprotease 1 and 9 promoter polymorphisms with obstructive sleep apnea: A case-control study from turkey

Abstract

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep‑related breathing disorder, and genetic factors play a role in its development. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) degrade the extracellular matrix, but the role of MMP‑1 and MMP‑9 promoter polymorphisms in the development of OSA is not yet clear. Aim: To investigate the relationship between MMP1 (rs1799750) ‑1607 1G/2G and MMP9 (rs3918242) ‑1562 C/T changes in OSA. Methods and Materials: This study includes 85 OSA patients and 97 healthy controls. Genotyping for MMP‑1 (−1607) G/2G and MMP‑9 (−1562) C/T was performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR‑RFLP). Statistical significance was defined as P values less than 0.05. Results: This study examined 85 OSA patients and 97 healthy controls. No significant difference was found between OSA patients (47 males, 38 females, mean age: 43.85 ± 10.09) and the control group (51 males and 46 females, mean age: 43.57 ± 9.61) in terms of age and gender (P = 0.847 and P = 0.767). However, body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher in OSA patients (P < 0.001). A statistically significant difference was detected in association with the MMP1‑1607 G/2G and 2G/2G genotypes and OSA compared to the G/G genotype (P = 0.013). MMP9‑1562 C/T polymorphism showed no significant association with OSA, either at the genotypic level or when the C/T and T/T genotypes were combined (P > 0.05) when evaluated individually. Conclusion: The MMP‑1‑1607 2G/G and 2G/2G genotypes are significant risk factors for OSA, while the MMP‑9 − 1562 C/T polymorphism is not.