Investigation of the Effects of the Slot Parameters on a Patch Antenna at 28 GHz Related to the Operating Wavelength

Abstract

In this paper, we introduce the effects of the slots etched on a square patch antenna on the radiation characteristics related to the operating wavelength at 28 GHz. We first design an inset fed patch antenna with a square geometry operating at 28 GHz. Then we etch a rhombic shaped slot in the middle point of the patch and perform a parametric analysis for the edge dimensions of 1/10, 1/100 and 1/1000 of the wavelength. Additionally, we move the slot along the vertical axis with the distances from the center of 1/10, 1/100 and 1/1000 of the wavelength and analyze the effects. Finally, after etching additional slots on the bottom edges of the antenna and shift them in +y direction we acquire extra bandwidth and lower return loss levels. With this final design, we reach at an increase for the bandwidth of 180 MHz and a reduction of 25.51 dB for reflection coefficient level. These novel features yield the proposed structure a suitable model for 5G communications and it can clearly be concluded that there is a strong relationship between the antenna characteristics and slot parameters related to the operating wavelength.