Primary Mathematics and Turkish Teachers' Views on Distance Education: A Scale Development Study

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable scale to determine the attitudes of primary school mathematics teachers and Turkish teachers who started to give distance education due to the transition from normal education to distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic. First, a literature review was conducted, and then an item pool of 119 items was created. The created items were examined by five field experts and one language expert. After the examinations, the remaining 59 items and 145 teachers in six districts of Balıkesir province were piloted, and data were collected. An explanatory factor analysis (EFA) of the collected data was performed. As a result of EFA, a scale consisting of five factors and 16 items was developed. The scale formed as a result of EFA was applied to a larger sample group (N = 321). A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the obtained data was performed. As a result of the CFA, all fit indices were determined to be good or perfect. As a result, a valid and reliable scale consisting of five factors and 16 items was developed.