Energy performance analysis of a historical building using cost-optimal assessment

Abstract

The energy efficiency concept has attracted significant attention over the last few years and has taken a prominent role in the development goals of countries. Considering that buildings have a high share in total energy consumption, it is crucial to improve their energy performance both in environmental and economic terms. Although efforts in increasing buildings’ energy efficiency have primarily focused on new buildings, existing buildings still retain their importance. Historical buildings are included in the existing building stock. It is essential to increase their energy efficiency to achieve carbon–neutral build- ing targets set from EU Directives. In this paper, we proposed measures to improve the energy efficiency and determine cost-optimal levels of a public historical building located in a hot-humid climate zone of Turkey. An integrated approach based on in situ measurements and building energy simulations was used to create a building energy model that was calibrated by using real measurements. Then, 365 energy-efficient measures are applied to the building and conducted an economic feasibility study by uti- lizing a cost-optimal envelope, lighting, heat pump and photovoltaic panel. A sensitivity analysis is per- formed to determine the impact of investing on optimal cost-of-energy level calculations with focus on the inflation rate, different interest rates, and calculation periods. Sensitivity analysis of discount rate has shown when the discount rate increases, global costs decrease. It is observed that the changes in eco- nomic parameters that could cause a decrease in annual costs reduced the cost effectiveness of the sce- narios with high initial investment costs.