Physicochemical and functional properties of safflower protein isolate: Effect of drying methods and spray drying temperatures

Abstract

In this study, the efects of the drying method and spray drying inlet air temperature on the color, surface morphology, hydrophobicity, powder and functional properties of safower protein isolate were investigated. Safower protein was extracted using the alkaline extraction and isoelectric precipitation method and then dried using freeze-drying and spray-drying at 140, 150, 160, 170, and 180 ° C inlet air temperatures. When compared to the spray-dried samples, freeze-dried safower protein isolate had lower cohesiveness (1.18) and better fowability (15.12%) with higher bulk density (0.31 g/cm3 ) and lower tapped bulk density (0.37 g/cm3 ). Additionally, its wetting time (9.00 s) was also found to be lower. On the other hand, spray-dried samples exhibited lighter color, higher foaming capacity (30.00–38.75%) and stability (87.50–89.17%), and emulsion activity (51.25–54.50%) and stability (85.76–87.51%) than the freeze-dried sample. Moreover, it was found that the foaming capacity and emulsion activity of safower protein spray-dried at 140 ° C were higher than those of other spray-dried samples. Overall, freeze-dried safower protein showed better powder properties, while spray-dried samples had better functional properties. Consequently, it was shown that the choice of drying method and spray drying inlet air temperature were critical for the powder and functional properties of safower protein