Boron Adsorption on Lime Soil and Phytoremediation of Lime Soil by Potato Plant (Solanum Tuberosum L.)

Abstract

Boron adsorption onto lime soil from Balıkesir University campus was studied to evaluate the effects of irrigation water cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ and Na+) and soil clays (kaolinite, montmorillonite, clinoptilolite clays). The concentrations for cations and boron were in the range of 0-1,450 mg/L and 0- 700 mg/L, respectively. The experimental maximum boron capacity for cation effect was 0.764 mg/g and this value was seen to obtain at high cation (Ca2+=500 mg/L, Mg2+=550 mg/L, K+=1,450 mg/L and Na+=550 mg/L) and middle boron concentration (300 mg/L). This capacity of cations effect in optimization graph were obtained as (Ca2+=1,419.38 mg/L, Mg2+=1,450 mg/L, K+=1,450 mg/L and Na+=1,438.59 mg/L) and middle boron concentration (304.49 mg/L). The maximum experimental boron capacity for clay effect was 1.08 mg/g and this value was obtained from experimental parameters of 0.16 g clinoptilolite, 0.38 g montmorillonite, 38 g kaolinite. This 1.08 mg/g capacity value was obtained from optimization graph at 0.5828 g clinoptilolite, 0.1936 g montmorillonite, 0.5852 g kaolinite amounts.These complexities in optimization and experimental parameters for cation and clay effect were due to near values of adsorption capacities. The borated-soil samples were successfully phytoremediated with potato plant and maximum intake of boron by the potato plant was 2,304.8 mg/kg plant.The studied soil concentrations for phytoremediation were 3.56, 13.56, 23.56, 33.56, 43.56, 53.56, 103.56, 203.56, 303.56, and 403.56 mg/kg boron.The plant dry weights decreased by increasing soil boron concentration and the green side of potato plants did not grow at 203.56, 303.56, 403.56 mg/kg boron concentrations exhibiting toxicity to seeds.