Evaluation of trace metal concentrations in some herbs and herbal teas by principal component analysis

Abstract

Sixteen trace metallic analytes (Ba, Ca, Ce, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Sr and Zn) in acid digests of herbal teas were determined and the data subjected to chemometric evaluation in an attempt to classify the herbal tea samples. Nettle, Senna, Camomile, Peppermint, Lemon Balm, Sage, Hollyhock, Linden, Lavender, Blackberry, Ginger, Galangal, Cinnamon, Green tea, Black tea, Rosehip, Thyme and Rose were used as plant materials in this study. Trace metals in these plants were determined by using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and cluster analysis (CA) were used as classification techniques. About 18 plants were classified into 5 groups by PCA and all group members determined by PCA are in the predicted group that 100.0% or original grouped cases correctly classified by LDA. Very similar grouping was obtained using CA.