Pulmonary Artery Systolic Pressure and Right Sided Heart Failure Symptoms: a Predictor for Progression of Iron Deficiency to Iron Deficiency Anemia in Heart Failure Patients

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiencyanemia (IDA) are common comorbidity in heart failure (HF).Although ID is well-known subject in HF patients, there arenot enough epidemiological studies examining the prevalenceof ID and IDA in HF patients in our country. The aim of thisstudy is to evaluate the prevelance of ID and IDA in Turkeyand to detect a marker for progression of ID to IDA in HFpatients.METHODS: ID was described as serum ferritin<100µg/L(absolute ID) or ferritin level 100-299 µg/L with TSAT<20%(functional ID). Anemia was described as a hemoglobinlevel<13g/dl in males and <12g/dl in females. Clinicaldeterminants of IDA in patients with HF were establishedusing univariate and multivariable logistic regression models.RESULTS: We examined 288HF patients.239 (83.3%) wereHF patients with ID and 49 (16.7%) were HF patients withoutID. ID prevalence was 83.3% and IDA prevalence was 44%(127/288) among all HF patients in our study. Multivariateregression analysis; pulmonary artery systolic pressure(PASP), right heart failure (RHF) symptoms, eGFR andsedimentation appeared as independently correlate with theHF patients who had IDA (P=0.027; P=0.033; P=0.086;P=0.001 respectively).DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Remarkably, PASP andRHF symptoms were independent predictor for IDA. Theseparameters may be an early marker for progression of irondeficiency to iron deficiency anemia in HF patients.